Trend > Society > Violence - Q: Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why?

 

Trend > Society > Violence - Q: Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why?

 

 

* Q: 문명의 진보는 폭력을 감소시키는가? 왜?

 

* Gossip: 

개인적인 짐작은... 문명의 진보가, 사회의 통합, 국가의 성립이 사회 내의 폭력을 국경/변방으로 밀어내는 경향이 있고,

역사적으로 보면... 그것을 "상무정신의 후퇴", "문존무비(文尊武婢)" 등으로 표현되기도 했고, 국가/정권의 유약화 등으로

부정적으로 평가되기도 했는데, 우리 뿐만이 아니라, 동서고금 대부분의 국가에서 공인된 폭력인 군/무력은 내부가 아니라

외부의 적에 대해서 공동체를 방어하는 것이 우선적인 역할이므로... 내부의 폭력을 감소시키는 경향이 있다고 생각됨.

하나마나한 뻔한 얘기일 수 있는데... 실제로 historical data로 이것을 어떻게 검증, 설명을 할 것인가는 쉽지는 않아보인다.

 

* Gossip: 

"민족/지방(?) 자결/자치" vs "국가 통합" 두가지 이념/가치/방향이 충돌할 때... 어떤 방향이 장기적으로 바람직한 것일까?

물론, 차별과 착취의 문제가 있지만... 과거에는 대체로 "민족자결", "지방자치"를 더 나은 방향이라고 생각했는데...

통합을 통한 "폭력의 외곽화"를 생각하면... 본질적으로 폭력을 감소시키려면, "평화"를 이룩하려면... 거꾸로 아닐까?

최소한... 군/무력은 통합을 통해서 외곽으로 돌리는 것이 맞지 않을까? 그렇게 보면... 남북도 결국은 통일의 방향으로?

 

* Gossip:

이 질문에 대한 답을 실증적으로 구할 수 있는 방법은... 대략 다음 두가지로 생각해볼 수 있을 것 같다.

- 비교적 단기간에 통계를 구할 수 있는 구간은... 실제 사회/집단/국가 내 폭력 사건에 대한 시계열 data를 구해보는 것.

- 비교적 장기간의 통계를 구할 수 없는 구간은... 역사적으로 전쟁이나 내란/국가전복의 횟수, 사망자수 등을 보는 것.

- 다른 한가지가... 아래의 Jared Diamond처럼... 현대/동시대 "문명화의 정도(?)"에 따른 사회/집단 간 비교로 짐작하는 것.

  다만, 이것은 서로 다른 사회/집단 또는 문화 간의 차이에 의한 영향에 대해서는 알 수 없으므로, 간접적인 증거일 뿐.

- 아래의 책들에서도 주로... 논리적인 전개에 의한 "논증"을 할 뿐, 실제 data에 의한 실증/검증은 거의 없는 것 같다.

  검색을 통한 선행 연구/논문의 결과를 찾아보거나, 관련된 범죄/전쟁/폭력의 역사적 per capita data를 찾아볼 것.

 

 

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Trend > Society > Violence - Q: Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why?
* Q: 문명의 진보는 폭력을 감소시키는가? 왜?
출처: https://linkandgossip.tistory.com/753 [Link & Gossip:티스토리]

Trend > Society > Violence - Q: What is the social reaction/reflection to/on "Gulf War" and "War on Terror"? Why or why not?
* Q: "걸프 전쟁"과 "테러와의 전쟁"에 대한 반응/반성은 무엇인가? 왜 또는 왜 없나?
출처: https://linkandgossip.tistory.com/2884 [Link & Gossip:티스토리]

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Link/Search & Gossip > Q: Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why?
https://linkandgossip.tistory.com/3053

Link/Search & Gossip > Q: Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why? - 2
https://linkandgossip.tistory.com/3131

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Google > Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why

https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=piaxW9u5GISK8wWZ6reADg&q=Does+advance+of+civilization+decrease+violence%2C+and+why

 

Google > 문명의 진보는 폭력을 감소시키는가? 왜?

https://www.google.com/search?q=%EB%AC%B8%EB%AA%85%EC%9D%98+%EC%A7%84%EB%B3%B4%EB%8A%94+%ED%8F%AD%EB%A0%A5%EC%9D%84+%EA%B0%90%EC%86%8C%EC%8B%9C%ED%82%A4%EB%8A%94%EA%B0%80%3F+%EC%99%9C%3F

 

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Early civilizations

https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/world-history-beginnings/birth-agriculture-neolithic-revolution/a/introduction-what-is-civilization

 

 

Complexity Rising :

From Human Beings to Human Civilization, a Complexity Profile

https://necsi.edu/complexity-rising-from-human-beings-to-human-civilization-a-complexity-profile

 

 

Research Article SOCIAL SCIENCES

Trends and fluctuations in the severity of interstate wars

Aaron Clauset*

Science Advances  21 Feb 2018 : Vol. 4, no. 2, eaao3580

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao3580

https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/2/eaao3580

 

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Tech > Deep Web and How to search the Deep Web
출처: http://linkandgossip.tistory.com/819 [Link & Gossip]

 

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WorldCat > Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why

http://www.worldcat.org/search?qt=worldcat_org_all&q=Does+advance+of+civilization+decrease+violence%2C+and+why

 

WorldWideScience > Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why

https://worldwidescience.org/

https://worldwidescience.org/wws/desktop/en/results.html

 

 

[ To-Do: Search the Deep Web for databases regarding "violence historical data" ]

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Long-term trends in violence / La violence dans la longue durée

Violence and the civilizing process : does it work ?

Pieter Spierenburg

https://journals.openedition.org/chs/740

https://www.jstor.org/stable/42709844?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

 

Long-term trends in violence / La violence dans la longue durée

Criminalized violence and the process of civilisation: a reappraisal1

Gerd Schwerhoff

Traduction de Lukas Hoffmann

https://journals.openedition.org/chs/418

https://www.jstor.org/stable/42708498?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

 

Journal Article
Literacy and the Civilization of Violence in 19th-Century France
A. R. Gillis
Sociological Forum Vol. 9, No. 3 (Sep., 1994), pp. 371-401

https://www.jstor.org/stable/684708?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents

 

 

The Civilization of Crime 

Violence in Town and Country since the Middle Ages

Edited by Eric A. Johnson and Eric H. Monkkonen

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/journalism/stille/Politics%20Fall%202007/Readings%20--%20Weeks%201-5/Civilization%20of%20crime,%20intro%20and%20chapter%20one.pdf

 

HISTORICKÁ SOCIOLOGIE 1/2017

Violence Control and the Civilization of Intimacy. 

Remarks on Norbert Elias’ Sociology MIKLÓS HADAS*1

http://www.karolinum.cz/ink2_stat/dload.jsp?prezMat=96792

 

Chapter 3: Violence, Bodies and Civilization

By: Larry Ray 

In: Violence & Society

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781473914605.n4

Subject: Violent Crime, Violence & Society

http://sk.sagepub.com/books/violence-and-society/n4.xml

 

 

Violence --- a global public health problem

http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/violence/world_report/en/chap1.pdf

 

 

Civilization & Violence: Islam, the West, and the Rest

https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=k0LQAwAAQBAJ&dq=Does+advance+of+civilization+decrease+violence,+and+why&source=gbs_navlinks_s

 

On Civilization, Power, and Knowledge: Selected Writings

https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=YM9_j68A_2cC&dq=Does+advance+of+civilization+decrease+violence,+and+why&source=gbs_navlinks_s

 

The Steps of Man Towards Civilization

Georg Oesterdiekhoff

BoD – Books on Demand, 2011 - 238

https://books.google.co.kr/books?id=Kr3P4bolLOAC&dq=Does+advance+of+civilization+decrease+violence,+and+why&source=gbs_navlinks_s

 

 

Research Article > SOCIAL SCIENCES

Trends and fluctuations in the severity of interstate wars

Aaron Clauset

Science Advances  21 Feb 2018:Vol. 4, no. 2, eaao3580

DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aao3580
http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/2/eaao3580

http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/4/2/eaao3580.full

 

Why human society isn’t more—or less—violent than in the past

By Michael Price Dec. 15, 2017 , 12:25 PM

http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/12/why-human-society-isn-t-more-or-less-violent-past

 

John Gray: Steven Pinker is wrong about violence and war

A new orthodoxy, led by Pinker, holds that war and violence in the developed world are declining. The stats are misleading, argues Gray – and the idea of moral progress is wishful thinking and plain wrong

https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/mar/13/john-gray-steven-pinker-wrong-violence-war-declining

 

The Chronicle Review
Why Violence Works
By Benjamin Ginsberg August 12, 2013
https://www.chronicle.com/article/Why-Violence-Works/140951

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Human Figurations
Long-term perspectives on the human condition

 

Discussing theories and processes of civilisation and informalisation: criteriology
Cas Wouters and Stephen Mennell
Skip other details (including permanent urls, DOI, citation information)
Volume 4, Issue 3, September 2015
Permalink: http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.11217607.0004.302
https://quod.lib.umich.edu/h/humfig/11217607.0004.302/--discussing-theories-and-processes-of-civilisation?rgn=main;view=fulltext

 

 

Global climate change, war, and population decline in recent human history
David D. Zhang, Peter Brecke, Harry F. Lee, Yuan-Qing He, and Jane Zhang
PNAS December 4, 2007 104 (49) 19214-19219; https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0703073104
Edited by Paul R. Ehrlich, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, and approved October 23, 2007 (received for review April 4, 2007)
http://www.pnas.org/content/104/49/19214

 

 

Methodological and Ideological Options
Human and nature dynamics (HANDY): Modeling inequality and use of resources in the collapse or sustainability of societies
Safa Motesharrei, Jorge Rivas, Eugenia Kalnay
Ecological Economics Volume 101, May 2014, Pages 90-102
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.02.014
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800914000615

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Complexity Rising: From Human Beings to Human Civilization, a Complexity Profile
Y. Bar-Yam NECSI Report 1997-12-01 (1997)
http://www.necsi.edu/projects/yaneer/Civilization.html

 

 

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Civilization

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civilization

 

Empire

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire

 

Culture

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture

 

Tradition

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tradition

 

Identity (philosophy)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Identity_(philosophy)

 

Interest (emotion)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interest_(emotion)

 

Self-interest

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-interest

 

Vested interest (communication theory)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vested_interest_(communication_theory)

 

Power (social and political)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)

 

Social influence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_influence

 

Social control

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_control

 

Selfishness

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selfishness

 

Altruism

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Altruism

 

Cooperation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperation

 

Competition

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competition

 

Conflict (process)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_(process)

 

Social conflict

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_conflict

 

Conflict resolution

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conflict_resolution

 

Negotiation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negotiation

 

Crime

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime

 

Crime statistics

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crime_statistics

 

War

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War

 

War crime

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_crime

 

List of ongoing armed conflicts

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts

 

Category: Lists of wars by date

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lists_of_wars_by_date

 

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Typology of violence

 

Deaths due to interpersonal violence per million persons in 2012

 

 

Violence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violence

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violence#History

 

Disability-adjusted life year DALY

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability-adjusted_life_year

 

Quality-adjusted life year QALY

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quality-adjusted_life_year

 

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Thomas Hobbes

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes

 

Leviathan

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leviathan_(Hobbes_book)

 

Behemoth

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behemoth_(Hobbes_book)

 

 

토머스 홉스

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/토머스_홉스

https://namu.wiki/w/토머스%20홉스

 

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Steven Pinker

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Pinker

 

 

The Better Angels of Our Nature

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Better_Angels_of_Our_Nature

 

 

TED 2018
Is the world getting better or worse? A look at the numbers
https://www.ted.com/talks/steven_pinker_is_the_world_getting_better_or_worse_a_look_at_the_numbers

 

TED 2007
The surprising decline in violence

https://www.ted.com/talks/steven_pinker_on_the_myth_of_violence
https://www.ted.com/talks/steven_pinker_on_the_myth_of_violence/transcript

 

TED 2003
Human nature and the blank slate
https://www.ted.com/talks/steven_pinker_chalks_it_up_to_the_blank_slate

 

Steven Pinker: The Decline of Violence - The Long Now

http://longnow.org/seminars/02012/oct/08/decline-violence/

 

 

History and the Decline of Human Violence

In a magisterial new book, Harvard psychologist Steven Pinker argues that humanity's "better angels" are triumphing

By Gareth Cook on October 4, 2011

https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/history-and-the-decline-of-human-violence/

 

Was Civilization the Cure for Primordial Human Violence?

A new study challenges the popular claim that lethal violence declined after our ancestors settled down

By John Horgan on September 28, 2016

https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/cross-check/was-civilization-the-cure-for-primordial-human-violence/

 

The Decline of Violence

The Advanced Apes

July 7, 2012

https://theadvancedapes.wordpress.com/2012/07/07/20121016the-decline-of-violence/

 

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War Before Civilization

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Before_Civilization

 

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Jared Diamond

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jared_Diamond

 

 

 

Guns, Germs, and Steel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guns,_Germs,_and_Steel

 

 

 

The Third Chimpanzee

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Third_Chimpanzee

 

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Yuval Noah Harari

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuval_Noah_Harari

 

 

 

Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapiens:_A_Brief_History_of_Humankind

 

 

 

Homo Deus: A Brief History of Tomorrow

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homo_Deus:_A_Brief_History_of_Tomorrow

 

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총 균 쇠-개정증보판

무기 병균 금속은 인류의 운명을 어떻게 바꿨는가

http://book.daum.net/detail/book.do?bookid=KOR9788970127248

 

* Note: 제14장 - 평등주의부터 도둑정치까지

 

제3부 지배하는 문명, 지배받는 문명
제11장 가축의 치명적 대가, 세균이 준 사악한 선물
제12장 식량 생산 창시와 문자 고안과의 밀접한 연관
제13장 발명은 필요의 어머니
제14장 평등주의부터 도둑 정치까지

 

 

 

사피엔스

유인원에서 사이보그까지 인간 역사의 대담하고 위대한 질문

http://book.daum.net/detail/book.do?bookid=BOK00027775646YE

 

* Note: 제3부 - 인류의 통합

 

제3부 인류의 통합
9. 역사의 화살
10. 돈의 향기
11. 제국의 비전
12. 종교의 법칙
13. 성공의 비결

 

 

 

호모데우스

미래의 역사

http://book.daum.net/detail/book.do?bookid=KOR9788934977841

 

 

21세기를 위한 21가지 제언

더 나은 오늘은 어떻게 가능한가

http://book.daum.net/detail/book.do?bookid=KOR9788934982975

 

 

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H. G. Wells

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H._G._Wells

 

The Outline of History

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Outline_of_History

 

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Arnold J. Toynbee

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_J._Toynbee

 

A Study of History

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Study_of_History

 

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Search > violence

https://www.google.com/search?q=violence

https://www.google.com/search?q=violence+wiki

https://scholar.google.co.kr/scholar?q=violence

 

Search > steven pinker

https://www.google.com/search?q=Steven+Pinker

 

Search 검색 > thomas hobbes 홉스

https://www.google.com/search?q=thomas+hobbes

https://www.google.com/search?q=%ED%99%89%EC%8A%A4

 

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* Gossip: 위의 검색에 대한 한글 검색 결과는 아직 신통한 것을 보지 못함.

            이유는 아마... 구글이 제대로 보여주지 못하거나, 실제 온라인 자료가 별로 없거나...

            어느쪽이든 실망스럽기는 마찬가지. 다른 검색들도 비슷한 걸 보면, 자료가 별로 없는 듯.

 

 

보아라, 이것이 인류 문명이나니

<2001: 스페이스 오딧세이>, SF로 인류문명을 이야기하다

등록일 [데이터가 없습니다]l최종 업데이트 [데이터가 없습니다]l

황지우 기자 (cfmmd@snu.ac.kr)

http://www.snujn.com/news/1772

 

유전학은 새로운 생명과학에게 자리를 내주고 있다

커먼즈 운동  2018.01.28 22:37

https://minamjah.tistory.com/archive/201801

 

나는 정치가 노회찬, 정치가 심상정이 아니라 진보정당 당원 노회찬, 진보정당 당원 심상정을 원합니다.

오늘(6월 8일)자 한겨레21에 노회찬 대표의 인터뷰가 실렸더군요. 이 글은 그 인터뷰에 대한 한 오천원 짜리 당원의 답장입니다.

http://redohyi.blogspot.com/2010/06/blog-post.html#!/2010/06/blog-post.html

 

기업 이윤을 위해 국민이 희생되는 것이 옳은가 ? - 코스트코 이야기

nasica 2018.01.13 16:07

https://nasica1.tistory.com/104

출처: https://nasica1.tistory.com/ [Nasica의 뜻은 ?]

 

 

 

 

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'자유론'은 왜 식민 지배를 긍정했을까?
[인문견문록] 존 스튜어트 밀의 <자유론>
[김창훈 민족미래연구소 연구실장]
기사입력 2019-03-30 20:41
https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=104&oid=002&aid=0002086373

 

"칸트가 왜곡 당했다"
이충진 한성대 교양학부 교수
승인 2019.03.12 14:40
http://www.kyosu.net/news/articleView.html?idxno=43945

 

 

국내 철학계 한국 전래 100년에 해석 논쟁

국제관계의 윤리를 전쟁의 패러다임으로부터 법적 평화의 패러다임으로 전환시켰다는 평가를 받는 이마누엘 칸트의 저작 <영구평화론>의 해석을 둘러싸고 학계의 논쟁이 활발해지고 있다. <교수신문>은 칸트의 '영구평화론'을 폭력의 관점에서 조명한 입장에 대한 한성대 이충진 교수의 반박문을 싣는다. 이 교수는 한국칸트학회가 기획한 칸트 전집 번역을 주도하기도 했다.

 

 

 

 

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검색 > 문명의 진보는 폭력을 감소시키는가? 왜?

https://www.google.com/search?q=%EB%AC%B8%EB%AA%85%EC%9D%98+%EC%A7%84%EB%B3%B4%EB%8A%94+%ED%8F%AD%EB%A0%A5%EC%9D%84+%EA%B0%90%EC%86%8C%EC%8B%9C%ED%82%A4%EB%8A%94%EA%B0%80%3F+%EC%99%9C%3F

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검색 > Does advance of civilization decrease violence, and why

https://www.google.com/search?source=hp&ei=piaxW9u5GISK8wWZ6reADg&q=Does+advance+of+civilization+decrease+violence%2C+and+why

https://books.google.com/talktobooks/query?q=Does%20advance%20of%20civilization%20decrease%20violence,%20and%20why&

 

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Google Books

https://books.google.co.kr/

https://books.google.com/advanced_book_search

https://books.google.com/intl/com/googlebooks/about.html

https://www.google.com/googlebooks/about/

https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/43729?hl=en

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Google_Books

 

Talk to Books

https://books.google.com/talktobooks/

 

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How Google Book Search Got Lost

Scott Rosenberg

04.11.17 12:00 am

https://www.wired.com/2017/04/how-google-book-search-got-lost/

 

Characterizing the Google Books Corpus: Strong Limits to Inferences of Socio-Cultural and Linguistic Evolution

Eitan Adam Pechenick ,Christopher M. Danforth,Peter Sheridan Dodds

PLOSPublished: October 7, 2015• https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137041

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0137041

 

 

 

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